Ch a frequently accepted nighttime behavior could influence well being and well-being.
Ch a commonly accepted nighttime behavior might effect health and well-being.NIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author ManuscriptSupplementary MaterialRefer to Web version on PubMed Central for supplementary material.AcknowledgmentsThis function was supported by the National Institute of Well being Grants NS-050595, AG-020269, and AG-12914 and by the Division of Veterans Affairs Sierra-Pacific Mental Illness Study, Education and Clinical Center.
Redox Biology two (2014) 206Contents lists available at ScienceDirectRedox Biologyjournal homepage: elsevierlocateredoxMini ReviewA review with the mitochondrial and glycolytic metabolism in human platelets and leukocytes: Implications for their use as IL-4 Protein Molecular Weight bioenergetic biomarkersPhilip A. Kramer 1, IL-2 Protein Biological Activity Saranya Ravi 1, Balu Chacko, Michelle S. Johnson, Victor M. Darley-Usmar nDepartment of Pathology, UAB Mitochondrial Medicine Laboratory, Center at no cost Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USAart ic l e i nf oArticle history: Received 30 December 2013 Accepted 30 December 2013 Obtainable on the net 10 January 2014 Keywords and phrases: Reserve capacity Oxidative pressure Metabolic shift Biomarker Leukocytes Plateletsa b s t r a c tThe assessment of metabolic function in cells isolated from human blood for remedy and diagnosis of disease can be a new and essential area of translational analysis. It is now becoming clear that a broad array of pathologies which present clinically with symptoms predominantly in a single organ, like the brain or kidney, also modulate mitochondrial energetics in platelets and leukocytes permitting these cells to serve as “the canary in the coal mine” for bioenergetic dysfunction. This opens up the possibility that circulating platelets and leukocytes can sense metabolic tension in sufferers and serve as biomarkers of mitochondrial dysfunction in human pathologies like diabetes, neurodegeneration and cardiovascular illness. In this overview we are going to describe how the utilization of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation differs in platelets and leukocytes and go over how they can be utilised in patient populations. Since it is actually clear that the metabolic applications between leukocytes and platelets are fundamentally distinct the measurement of mitochondrial function in distinct cell populations is required for translational analysis. 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Contents Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Biological functions and metabolic programs of platelets and leukocytes . . . . Leukocytes and platelets as systemic biomarkers of metabolic strain . . . . . . . New approaches to measuring cellular bioenergetics in leukocytes and platelets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cellular mitochondrial physiology and glycolysis in platelets and leukocytes . Differential glycolytic and oxidative metabolism in leukocytes and platelets . Future outlook. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Disclosures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .