Be discovered elsewhere [3,11].CivilEng 2021,Table three. Cont.Specimen S.S0.2L M.S0.2L L.S0.2L S.S1.1L M.S1.1L L.S1.1L S.S1.2L M.S1.2L L.S1.2L d (mm) 175 350 525 175 350 525 175 350 525 b (mm) 95 152 275 95 152 275 95 152 275 fc (MPa) 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 w three.6 3.7 three.6 3.six 3.7 3.six 3.six 3.7 3.six s 0 0 0 0.37 0.38 0.41 0.37 0.38 0.41 Strengthening Golvatinib Epigenetics configuration Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont U-wrap U-wrap U-wrap U-wrap U-wrap U-wrap U-wrap U-wrap U-wrap Layers 2 two two 1 1 1 two two 2 wFRP (mm) tFRP (mm) 0.132 0.214 0.334 0.066 0.107 0.167 0.132 0.214 0.334 FRP 0.28 0.28 0.24 0.14 0.14 0.12 0.28 0.28 0.24 EFRP (MPa) 231,000 231,000 231,000 231,000 231,000 231,000 231,000 231,000 231,000 FRPu 1.four 1.4 1.four 1.four 1.4 1.4 1.four 1.4 1.four VFRP (kN) 32 40 144 3 0 0 12 four 30 Vr (kN) 71 127 326 98 260 590 107 272 629 n Loss (MPa) 0.78 0.44 0.41 1.08 0.89 0.75 1.18 0.93 0.80 44 47 17 31 21Group 2–Shear-Strengthened with CFRP L-Shape Laminates M.S1.Str L.S1.Str M.S1. Str-Anc L.S1. Str-Anc 350 525 350 525 152 275 152 275 30 30 30 30 3.7 3.6 three.7 3.6 0.38 0.41 0.38 0.41 Laminate Laminate Laminate Laminate U-wrap U-wrap U+A U+A 1 1 1 1 40 40 40 40 2 2 two two 0.six 0.six 0.six 0.6 90,000 90,000 90,000 90,000 1.three 1.three 1.3 1.three 37 30 98 90 275 630 336 690 0.94 0.80 1.15 0.87 16 Note: Cont = continuous CFRP sheet configuration, Laminate = precured CFRP laminate, U + A = U-wrap configuration with anchorage program in compression zone (flange).Table four. Properties of your CFRP material made use of. House CFRP Sheet for Group 1 Tensile strength, fFRPu (MPa) Modulus of elasticity, EFRP (GPa) Elongation at break, FRPu CFRP L-shape Laminates for Group 2 Tensile strength, fFRPu (MPa) Modulus of elasticity, EFRP (GPa) Elongation at break, FRPu 1350 90 1.three 3650 231 1.4 Value5. Experimental Test Results Table three includes the experimental info and specimen test benefits linked with groups 1 and 2. It includes specimen geometry (d and b), components ratio (w and s ), strengthening configuration and material properties (wFRP , tFRP , FRP , EFRP , FRPu ), contribution of CFRP (sheet or L-shaped laminate) to shear resistance (VFRP ), total nominal shear resistance (Vn ), normalized nominal shear strength at failure (vn = Vn /bd f c ), plus the loss in shear strength with respect towards the smallest beams (loss in vn ). Note that the width in the cross-section has no influence on the size effect because it has been shown by [28]. Hence, the width from the specimens will not be deemed inside the discussion from the experimental final results. The failure mode of all tested specimens was in shear, with diagonal tensile fracture of concrete. The crack pattern of specimens without the need of transverse steel showed a single crack, as illustrated in Figure 4a, whereas quite a few cracks accompanying the main central crack characterized the specimens with internal steel stirrups (Figure 4b) irrespective of the CFRP strengthening material (sheet or L-shaped laminate). Table 3 shows a maximum shear get because of EB-CFRP sheet in a specimen with out internal steel stirrups (S.S0.2L) of 84 , compared with 13 inside a specimen with internal steel stirrups (S.S1.2L). Mainly because these two specimens were from the exact same size (tiny), this outcome reveals a important reduce in EB-CFRP shear acquire due to the presence of steel stirrups. Similar final results had been Carbendazim Purity observed inside a study carried out on strengthened RC beams with EB-CFRP by [7]. In specimens with EB-CFRP L-shaped laminate, the maximum shear gain was 16 in (M.S1.Str), but this enhanced.